LangChain 实战系列（一） —— 在 Windows 上安装 LangChain 的详细步骤

目录

1. 环境要求

系统要求

硬件建议

2. 安装步骤

步骤 1：安装 Python

步骤 2：创建虚拟环境（推荐）

步骤 3：安装 LangChain

步骤 4：安装 LLM 提供商支持

步骤 5：安装可视化工具（可选）

步骤 6：验证安装

3. 配置开发环境

Visual Studio Code 配置

配置环境变量

4. 常见问题解决

问题 1：pip 安装速度慢

问题 2：权限错误

问题 3：依赖冲突

问题 4：C++ 编译错误（某些包需要）

5. 快速测试示例

6. 下一步

1. 环境要求

系统要求

• Windows 10 或更高版本

• Python 3.8 或更高版本

• 建议使用 Windows 11 以获得更好的开发体验

硬件建议

• 至少 8GB RAM（推荐 16GB+）

• 至少 10GB 可用磁盘空间

• 稳定的网络连接

2. 安装步骤

步骤 1：安装 Python

# 安装时务必勾选以下选项：
– ✅ Add Python to PATH（重要！）
– ✅ Install launcher for all users

          验证安装

# 打开 PowerShell 或 CMD
python –version
# 应该显示 Python 3.x.x

pip –version
# 应该显示 pip 版本

步骤 2：创建虚拟环境（推荐）

# 创建项目目录
mkdir langchain-project
cd langchain-project

# 创建虚拟环境
python -m venv venv

# 激活虚拟环境
# PowerShell:
venv\\Scripts\\Activate.ps1
# 如果遇到执行策略问题，运行：
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser

# CMD:
venv\\Scripts\\activate.bat

          验证虚拟环境

# 激活后，命令行前应显示 (venv)
(venv) D:\\langchain-project>

步骤 3：安装 LangChain

pip install langchain

          安装核心依赖（推荐）

# 安装 LangChain 核心及相关工具
pip install langchain langchain-community

# 安装 OpenAI 集成（如果需要）
pip install openai

# 安装常用工具
pip install python-dotenv # 环境变量管理
pip install tiktoken # OpenAI token 计数

       安装向量数据库支持

# 根据需求选择安装
pip install chromadb # 轻量级向量数据库
pip install faiss-cpu # Facebook AI 相似度搜索
pip install sentence-transformers # 本地 embedding

步骤 4：安装 LLM 提供商支持

根据你的需求选择安装：

# OpenAI（最常用）
pip install openai

# Anthropic Claude
pip install anthropic

# Google Gemini
pip install google-generativeai

# 本地模型（需要 GPU）
pip install transformers torch torchvision torchaudio
# 安装 CUDA 版本（如果有 NVIDIA GPU）
pip install torch torchvision torchaudio –index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu118

步骤 5：安装可视化工具（可选）

# LangSmith（用于追踪和调试）
pip install langsmith

# Streamlit（用于构建 Web 界面）
pip install streamlit

# Gradio（另一种 UI 框架）
pip install gradio

 上述库包的实操记录：

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WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/annotated-types/
Collecting annotated-types>=0.6.0 (from pydantic<3,>=1.9.0->openai)
Using cached annotated_types-0.7.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (15 kB)
Collecting pydantic-core==2.41.5 (from pydantic<3,>=1.9.0->openai)
Using cached pydantic_core-2.41.5-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (7.4 kB)
Collecting typing-inspection>=0.4.2 (from pydantic<3,>=1.9.0->openai)
Using cached typing_inspection-0.4.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.6 kB)
Collecting colorama (from tqdm>4->openai)
Downloading colorama-0.4.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (17 kB)
Downloading openai-1.39.0-py3-none-any.whl (336 kB)
Downloading anyio-4.12.1-py3-none-any.whl (113 kB)
Downloading distro-1.9.0-py3-none-any.whl (20 kB)
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WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', ConnectionResetError(10054, '远程主机强迫关闭了一个现有的连接。', None, 10054, None))': /packages/9e/8b/341991b158ddab181cff136acd2552c9f35bd30380422a639c0671e99a91/pydantic_core-2.41.5-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl
Downloading pydantic_core-2.41.5-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (2.0 MB)
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Resuming download pydantic_core-2.41.5-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (1.8 MB/2.0 MB)
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Downloading typing_extensions-4.15.0-py3-none-any.whl (44 kB)
Downloading annotated_types-0.7.0-py3-none-any.whl (13 kB)
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Downloading idna-3.11-py3-none-any.whl (71 kB)
Downloading tqdm-4.67.1-py3-none-any.whl (78 kB)
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Downloading certifi-2026.1.4-py3-none-any.whl (152 kB)
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Downloading certifi-2026.1.4-py3-none-any.whl (152 kB)
Downloading colorama-0.4.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl (25 kB)
Downloading sniffio-1.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Installing collected packages: typing-extensions, sniffio, idna, h11, distro, colorama, certifi, annotated-types, typing-inspection, tqdm, pydantic-core, httpcore, anyio, pydantic, httpx, openai
Successfully installed annotated-types-0.7.0 anyio-4.12.1 certifi-2026.1.4 colorama-0.4.6 distro-1.9.0 h11-0.16.0 httpcore-1.0.9 httpx-0.28.1 idna-3.11 openai-1.39.0 pydantic-2.12.5 pydantic-core-2.41.5 sniffio-1.3.1 tqdm-4.67.1 typing-extensions-4.15.0 typing-inspection-0.4.2

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>
(venv) D:\\MyProjects>
(venv) D:\\MyProjects>
(venv) D:\\MyProjects>
(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install python-dotenv
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/python-dotenv/
Collecting python-dotenv
Using cached python_dotenv-1.2.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (25 kB)
Downloading python_dotenv-1.2.1-py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
Installing collected packages: python-dotenv
Successfully installed python-dotenv-1.2.1

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install tiktoken
Collecting tiktoken
Downloading tiktoken-0.12.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (6.9 kB)
Collecting regex>=2022.1.18 (from tiktoken)
Downloading regex-2026.1.15-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (41 kB)
Collecting requests>=2.26.0 (from tiktoken)
Using cached requests-2.32.5-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.9 kB)
Collecting charset_normalizer<4,>=2 (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken)
Downloading charset_normalizer-3.4.4-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (38 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (3.11)
Collecting urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken)
Downloading urllib3-2.6.3-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (6.9 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (2026.1.4)
Downloading tiktoken-0.12.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (879 kB)
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Downloading regex-2026.1.15-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (277 kB)
Downloading requests-2.32.5-py3-none-any.whl (64 kB)
Downloading charset_normalizer-3.4.4-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (107 kB)
Downloading urllib3-2.6.3-py3-none-any.whl (131 kB)
Installing collected packages: urllib3, regex, charset_normalizer, requests, tiktoken
Successfully installed charset_normalizer-3.4.4 regex-2026.1.15 requests-2.32.5 tiktoken-0.12.0 urllib3-2.6.3

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install chromadb
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x000001D1139B96A0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10051] 向一个无法连接的网络尝试了一个套接字操作。')': /simple/chromadb/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x000001D113981F90>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/chromadb/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x000001D113982210>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/chromadb/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x000001D113982490>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/chromadb/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x000001D113982710>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/chromadb/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement chromadb (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for chromadb

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install sentence-transformers
Collecting sentence-transformers
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.2.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Collecting transformers<6.0.0,>=4.41.0 (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading transformers-5.0.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (37 kB)
Collecting huggingface-hub>=0.20.0 (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading huggingface_hub-1.3.4-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (13 kB)
Collecting torch>=1.11.0 (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading torch-2.10.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (31 kB)
Collecting numpy (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading numpy-2.4.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (6.6 kB)
Collecting scikit-learn (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading scikit_learn-1.8.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (11 kB)
INFO: pip is looking at multiple versions of sentence-transformers to determine which version is compatible with other requirements. This could take a while.
Collecting sentence-transformers
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.2.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.2.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: tqdm in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from sentence-transformers) (4.67.1)
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.1.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Collecting transformers<5.0.0,>=4.41.0 (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading transformers-4.57.6-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (43 kB)
Collecting sentence-transformers
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.1.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-5.0.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (13 kB)
INFO: pip is still looking at multiple versions of sentence-transformers to determine which version is compatible with other requirements. This could take a while.
Downloading sentence_transformers-4.0.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (13 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-4.0.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (13 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-4.0.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (13 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.4.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
INFO: This is taking longer than usual. You might need to provide the dependency resolver with stricter constraints to reduce runtime. See https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/backtracking for guidance. If you want to abort this run, press Ctrl + C.
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.3.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.3.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.2.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.2.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.1.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /packages/90/b4/52b8205f24172f2429cacf04bac324414f16b61d64e79c787c9ce2385586/sentence_transformers-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x0000017622243250>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10051] 向一个无法连接的网络尝试了一个套接字操作。')': /packages/90/b4/52b8205f24172f2429cacf04bac324414f16b61d64e79c787c9ce2385586/sentence_transformers-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x0000017622240B90>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /packages/90/b4/52b8205f24172f2429cacf04bac324414f16b61d64e79c787c9ce2385586/sentence_transformers-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata
Downloading sentence_transformers-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (23 kB)
Collecting numpy<2.0.0 (from sentence-transformers)
Downloading numpy-1.26.4.tar.gz (15.8 MB)
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WARNING: Connection timed out while downloading.
WARNING: Attempting to resume incomplete download (524 kB/15.8 MB, attempt 1)
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /packages/65/6e/09db70a523a96d25e115e71cc56a6f9031e7b8cd166c1ac8438307c14058/numpy-1.26.4.tar.gz
Resuming download numpy-1.26.4.tar.gz (524 kB/15.8 MB)
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ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
yield
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 561, in read
data = self._fp_read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 527, in _fp_read
return self._fp.read(amt) if amt is not None else self._fp.read()
~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\cachecontrol\\filewrapper.py", line 98, in read
data: bytes = self.__fp.read(amt)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
File "C:\\Users\\jiangping\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python313\\Lib\\http\\client.py", line 484, in read
s = self.fp.read(amt)
File "C:\\Users\\jiangping\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python313\\Lib\\socket.py", line 719, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^
File "C:\\Users\\jiangping\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python313\\Lib\\ssl.py", line 1304, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "C:\\Users\\jiangping\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python313\\Lib\\ssl.py", line 1138, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ConnectionResetError: [WinError 10054] 远程主机强迫关闭了一个现有的连接。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\cli\\base_command.py", line 107, in _run_wrapper
status = _inner_run()
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\cli\\base_command.py", line 98, in _inner_run
return self.run(options, args)
~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\cli\\req_command.py", line 85, in wrapper
return func(self, options, args)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\commands\\install.py", line 388, in run
requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\resolver.py", line 99, in resolve
result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
collected.requirements, max_rounds=limit_how_complex_resolution_can_be
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\resolvers\\resolution.py", line 601, in resolve
state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\resolvers\\resolution.py", line 513, in resolve
failure_criterion = self._attempt_to_pin_criterion(name)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\resolvers\\resolution.py", line 220, in _attempt_to_pin_criterion
criteria = self._get_updated_criteria(candidate)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\resolvers\\resolution.py", line 211, in _get_updated_criteria
self._add_to_criteria(criteria, requirement, parent=candidate)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\resolvers\\resolution.py", line 150, in _add_to_criteria
if not criterion.candidates:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\resolvelib\\structs.py", line 194, in __bool__
return bool(self._sequence)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\found_candidates.py", line 165, in __bool__
self._bool = any(self)
~~~^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\found_candidates.py", line 149, in <genexpr>
return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\found_candidates.py", line 39, in _iter_built
candidate = func()
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\factory.py", line 180, in _make_candidate_from_link
base: BaseCandidate | None = self._make_base_candidate_from_link(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
link, template, name, version
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\factory.py", line 226, in _make_base_candidate_from_link
self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
link,
^^^^^
…<3 lines>…
version=version,
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\candidates.py", line 318, in __init__
super().__init__(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
link=link,
^^^^^^^^^^
…<4 lines>…
version=version,
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\candidates.py", line 161, in __init__
self.dist = self._prepare()
~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\candidates.py", line 238, in _prepare
dist = self._prepare_distribution()
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\resolution\\resolvelib\\candidates.py", line 329, in _prepare_distribution
return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\operations\\prepare.py", line 543, in prepare_linked_requirement
return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\operations\\prepare.py", line 614, in _prepare_linked_requirement
local_file = unpack_url(
link,
…<4 lines>…
hashes,
)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\operations\\prepare.py", line 180, in unpack_url
file = get_http_url(
link,
…<2 lines>…
hashes=hashes,
)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\operations\\prepare.py", line 121, in get_http_url
from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\network\\download.py", line 197, in __call__
self._attempt_resumes_or_redownloads(download, resp)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\network\\download.py", line 247, in _attempt_resumes_or_redownloads
self._process_response(download, resume_resp)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\network\\download.py", line 212, in _process_response
for chunk in chunks:
^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\cli\\progress_bars.py", line 67, in _rich_download_progress_bar
for chunk in iterable:
^^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_internal\\network\\utils.py", line 65, in response_chunks
for chunk in response.raw.stream(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
chunk_size,
^^^^^^^^^^^
…<22 lines>…
decode_content=False,
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
):
^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 622, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 560, in read
with self._error_catcher():
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "C:\\Users\\jiangping\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python313\\Lib\\contextlib.py", line 162, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(value)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
File "D:\\MyProjects\\venv\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip\\_vendor\\urllib3\\response.py", line 455, in _error_catcher
raise ProtocolError("Connection broken: %r" % e, e)
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError: ("Connection broken: ConnectionResetError(10054, '远程主机强迫关闭了一个现有的连接。', None, 10054, None)", ConnectionResetError(10054, '远程主机强迫关闭了一个现有的连接。', None, 10054, None))

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>
(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install anthropic
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/anthropic/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/anthropic/
Collecting anthropic
Downloading anthropic-0.76.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (28 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: anyio<5,>=3.5.0 in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from anthropic) (4.12.1)
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Downloading docstring_parser-0.17.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.5 kB)
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Collecting jiter<1,>=0.4.0 (from anthropic)
Downloading jiter-0.12.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (5.3 kB)
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Downloading jiter-0.12.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (204 kB)
Installing collected packages: jiter, docstring-parser, anthropic
Successfully installed anthropic-0.76.0 docstring-parser-0.17.0 jiter-0.12.0

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install langsmith
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Collecting langsmith
Downloading langsmith-0.6.6-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (15 kB)
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Collecting orjson>=3.9.14 (from langsmith)
Using cached orjson-3.11.5-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (42 kB)
Collecting packaging>=23.2 (from langsmith)
Downloading packaging-26.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.3 kB)
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Installing collected packages: zstandard, uuid-utils, packaging, orjson, requests-toolbelt, langsmith
Successfully installed langsmith-0.6.6 orjson-3.11.5 packaging-26.0 requests-toolbelt-1.0.0 uuid-utils-0.14.0 zstandard-0.25.0

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install streamlit
Collecting streamlit
Downloading streamlit-1.53.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
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Collecting streamlit
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Collecting streamlit
Downloading streamlit-1.49.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (9.5 kB)
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Downloading streamlit-1.49.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (9.5 kB)
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Downloading streamlit-1.47.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (9.0 kB)
INFO: This is taking longer than usual. You might need to provide the dependency resolver with stricter constraints to reduce runtime. See https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/backtracking for guidance. If you want to abort this run, press Ctrl + C.
Downloading streamlit-1.46.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (9.0 kB)
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Collecting pillow<11,>=7.1.0 (from streamlit)
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Collecting streamlit
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ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [WinError 32] 另一个程序正在使用此文件，进程无法访问。: 'C:\\\\Users\\\\jiangping\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Temp\\\\pip-unpack-chiy09jz\\\\numpy-1.26.4.tar.gz'
Check the permissions.

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>pip install langchain
Collecting langchain
Downloading langchain-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.9 kB)
Collecting langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7 (from langchain)
Using cached langchain_core-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.7 kB)
Collecting langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7 (from langchain)
Downloading langgraph-1.0.7-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (7.4 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pydantic<3.0.0,>=2.7.4 in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from langchain) (2.12.5)
Collecting jsonpatch<2.0.0,>=1.33.0 (from langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7->langchain)
Using cached jsonpatch-1.33-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.0 kB)
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Collecting packaging<26.0.0,>=23.2.0 (from langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7->langchain)
Using cached packaging-25.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.3 kB)
Collecting pyyaml<7.0.0,>=5.3.0 (from langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7->langchain)
Using cached pyyaml-6.0.3-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (2.4 kB)
Collecting tenacity!=8.4.0,<10.0.0,>=8.1.0 (from langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7->langchain)
Using cached tenacity-9.1.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.2 kB)
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Collecting jsonpointer>=1.9 (from jsonpatch<2.0.0,>=1.33.0->langchain-core<2.0.0,>=1.2.7->langchain)
Using cached jsonpointer-3.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.3 kB)
Collecting langgraph-checkpoint<5.0.0,>=2.1.0 (from langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain)
Using cached langgraph_checkpoint-4.0.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.9 kB)
Collecting langgraph-prebuilt<1.1.0,>=1.0.7 (from langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain)
Downloading langgraph_prebuilt-1.0.7-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (5.2 kB)
Collecting langgraph-sdk<0.4.0,>=0.3.0 (from langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain)
Using cached langgraph_sdk-0.3.3-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.6 kB)
Collecting xxhash>=3.5.0 (from langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain)
Using cached xxhash-3.6.0-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (13 kB)
Collecting ormsgpack>=1.12.0 (from langgraph-checkpoint<5.0.0,>=2.1.0->langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain)
Downloading ormsgpack-1.12.2-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl.metadata (3.3 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: httpx>=0.25.2 in d:\\myprojects\\venv\\lib\\site-packages (from langgraph-sdk<0.4.0,>=0.3.0->langgraph<1.1.0,>=1.0.7->langchain) (0.28.1)
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Installing collected packages: xxhash, tenacity, pyyaml, packaging, ormsgpack, jsonpointer, jsonpatch, langgraph-sdk, langchain-core, langgraph-checkpoint, langgraph-prebuilt, langgraph, langchain
Attempting uninstall: packaging
Found existing installation: packaging 26.0
Uninstalling packaging-26.0:
Successfully uninstalled packaging-26.0
Successfully installed jsonpatch-1.33 jsonpointer-3.0.0 langchain-1.2.7 langchain-core-1.2.7 langgraph-1.0.7 langgraph-checkpoint-4.0.0 langgraph-prebuilt-1.0.7 langgraph-sdk-0.3.3 ormsgpack-1.12.2 packaging-25.0 pyyaml-6.0.3 tenacity-9.1.2 xxhash-3.6.0

(venv) D:\\MyProjects>

步骤 6：验证安装

# test_installation.py
import sys

def check_installation():
try:
import langchain
print(f"✅ LangChain 版本: {langchain.__version__}")

import openai
print("✅ OpenAI 已安装")

import chromadb
print("✅ ChromaDB 已安装")

print("\\n✅ 所有包安装成功！")
return True

except ImportError as e:
print(f"❌ 导入失败: {e}")
return False

if __name__ == "__main__":
check_installation()

运行测试

python test_installation.py

3. 配置开发环境

Visual Studio Code 配置

配置环境变量

# .env
OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_here
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your_anthropic_api_key_here
GOOGLE_API_KEY=your_google_api_key_here

# LangSmith（可选）
LANGCHAIN_API_KEY=your_langsmith_api_key
LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2=true
LANGCHAIN_PROJECT=your_project_name

     2. 加载环境变量

# 在 Python 代码中
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()

4. 常见问题解决

问题 1：pip 安装速度慢

# 使用国内镜像源
pip install langchain -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

# 或永久配置
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

问题 2：权限错误

# 使用管理员权限运行 PowerShell
# 或使用用户安装
pip install –user langchain

问题 3：依赖冲突

# 创建新的干净虚拟环境
python -m venv new_venv
new_venv\\Scripts\\activate
pip install langchain

问题 4：C++ 编译错误（某些包需要）

# 安装 Visual C++ Build Tools
# 下载地址：https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/

5. 快速测试示例

创建一个简单的 LangChain 应用：

# quick_test.py
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate
from langchain.chains import LLMChain
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv

# 加载环境变量
load_dotenv()

# 检查 API 密钥
if not os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"):
print("⚠️ 请先设置 OPENAI_API_KEY 环境变量")
print("在 .env 文件中添加：OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key_here")
else:
# 初始化 LLM
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0.7)

# 创建模板
template = """
请用中文回答以下问题：

问题：{question}

回答：
"""

prompt = PromptTemplate(
input_variables=["question"],
template=template
)

# 创建链
chain = LLMChain(llm=llm, prompt=prompt)

# 运行链
question = "LangChain 是什么？"
response = chain.run(question)

print(f"问题：{question}")
print(f"回答：{response}")

运行测试：

python quick_test.py

6. 下一步

现在你已经成功安装了 LangChain，接下来可以：