Zagens agent 的组合式 Harness 工程实践-171主机测评

Agent 长程任务的完成度信任问题，以及 Zagens 如何用组合式 Harness 解决它

模型自建的 checklist 有欠分解上限——open_items: 0 不等于真完成。

Zagens 用三层可组合门禁：L1 防早停 → L2 退出码 Oracle → L3 交付物对账，均在 graph_complete 候选时由 Harness 主动裁决。

裁决信号必须是机器可回放的（退出码、路径命中、事件日志），禁止 LLM 当法官。

对抗审计只做缺口枚举，最终绿灯仍由机器门决定；超大任务叠加 Cycle / Macro Loop。

术语速查

术语含义

LHT	Long-Horizon Task，长程代码任务模式；Layer 1 的强制继续机制
CRAFT	多代理 QA 段（Implementer + Reviewer + Verifier），与 LHT 实现段交替
Machine Oracle	机器裁决：退出码、路径/glob 命中等可回放信号
graph_complete	模型自产 plan + checklist 均无可办项时的完成候选状态
audit_unmet	有界轮次耗尽后门仍未全绿时的诚实停机，不产生假绿灯
MicroStack02	Go 微服务框架压测用例：24 类交付物 + 四门验收，暴露欠分解假绿
DEMO3–6	Monkey 解释器等长程实证压测序列，逐轮修补早停泄漏与假绿路径

1. 引言：Agent 的「声称完成」陷阱

2025–2026 年，LLM Agent 的编码能力已经很强——能写数千行代码、做多文件重构、跑测试。但实践中暴露出一类深层问题：模型经常过早「声称完成」，而大量交付物实际上并未落地。

这不是模型在说谎。根因在于：

模型自建的 checklist 存在欠分解（under-decomposition）——某些必要交付物从未进入它自己的任务图；
模型检查自己的 checklist 全部打勾 → 任务图显示 open_items: 0 → 模型合法地宣布完成；
但检视才发现：gzip 中间件没写，router trie 重构没做，e2e 脚本没跑过。

用 Zagens 团队的内部术语说：完成度的天花板 = 模型自分解 checklist 的完整性。模型自己画的作战地图画漏了，按图索骥也找不到漏掉的目标。

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模型自建 checklist（欠分解）

必要交付物从未进入任务图

open_items: 0

模型合法宣布完成

检视发现遗漏gzip / trie 重构 / e2e

Zagens 作为面向 DeepSeek V4 的开源 Agent Harness，核心工程命题是：如何构建一套不依赖模型自我声明的、可审计的、可回放的完成度信任机制。

本文从工程架构角度，拆解 Zagens Harness 系统的设计与实现。

2. 核心理念：Harness，不是聊天壳

Zagens 的判断很明确：不能信任模型自己说「做完了」。需要一套独立于模型的完成度判定系统。

这套系统的三条设计原则（源自 Zagens Harness 设计文档，经 DeepSeek Agent + Harness 负责人 Deli Chen 的持续学习研究印证）：

信号质量 = 机器裁决（Machine Oracle）—— 最终判断依据是退出码（exit code）、路径命中（path/glob hit）等可精确回放的信号，不是 LLM 的散文判断；

信号独立性 —— 需要两层独立：规则独立（不靠模型推理，靠正则/文件扫描）和 Agent 独立（不是同一个 Agent 的自我确认）；

独立性不能退化为「换一个 LLM 盖章」 —— 用 LLM 审计 LLM 的输出，只会把「建设者自我确认」变成「审计者-建设者共谋确认」，独立性名存实亡。

这些原则落实到工程上，就是 Zagens 的组合式 Harness（Composable Harness）—— 三层可插拔门禁系统。

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Harness 设计原则

信号质量 = 机器裁决退出码 · 路径命中 · 可回放

信号独立性规则独立 + Agent 独立

禁止 LLM 盖章审计者不能当法官

组合式 Harness三层可插拔门禁

3. 引擎基础：Kernel V3 —— 事件溯源的 Turn 引擎

Harness 门禁要可审计、可回放，离不开底层引擎的事件持久化。Zagens v0.8.2 的 Kernel V3 是事件溯源 turn 循环——下文只保留与 Harness 相关的要点；完整 turn 机状态机见源码 LiveTurnMachine / ReplayTurnMachine。

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事件溯源持久化

KernelEvent

LiveTurnMachine

outer 循环step-frame → pre-inner → inner→ post-inner → boundary grants

inner 循环inner_step_live_plan→ EffectInterpreter

InnerStepHost IOstreaming · tool execution · LSP notify

handle_deepseek_turn

Turn endruntime-server host_impl

finish_kernel_turn

kernel_turn_replay_verify+ projection compare

kernel_eventsSQLite

每次 turn 的完整生命周期被记录为 KernelEvent，存储在 SQLite 的 kernel_events 表：

CREATE TABLE kernel_events (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
seq INTEGER NOT NULL,
ts_ms INTEGER NOT NULL,
kind TEXT NOT NULL,
turn_id TEXT,
payload TEXT NOT NULL — JSON KernelEvent
);

事件溯源对 Harness 的价值：

可回放（Replayable）：ReplayTurnMachine 能从事件日志重建状态，Harness 的金色夹具（golden fixtures）可在 CI 中精确验证门禁行为；
可审计：所有 turn 生命周期事件（模型请求、工具调用结果、门禁判定）都有结构化持久化记录；
可恢复：log-first 会话恢复优先从事件日志重建消息，不依赖 session JSON。

基于这个引擎，Zagens 的 Harness 各层门禁得以可靠地挂载在 turn 循环的各个退出点上。

4. 三层组合式 Harness 架构

Zagens 的完成度门禁系统是三层可组合的：

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graph_complete 候选时（原子执行）

运行中（全程）

checklist 全绿

Layer 1: 模型自驱plan + checklist + nudge 继续

Stub 门 · 文件扫描

Layer 2: 硬验收门 · 退出码 Oracle

Layer 3: 交付物对账 · path/glob

✅ 真实完成

组合方式（可独立开关）：

Layer 1 仅 = 原始效果（模型自驱 + 防早停）；
Layer 1+2 = 纯粹的退出码门禁（最确定、最便宜）；
Layer 1+2+3 = 完整组合，能捕获欠分解场景。

4.1 门禁在何时触发

§4 的流程图容易误读为「L1 跑完再跑 L2」。实际时序如下：

Layer 3

Layer 2

Stub 门

graph_complete 候选

Layer 1 (LHT)

模型

Layer 3

Layer 2

Stub 门

graph_complete 候选

Layer 1 (LHT)

模型

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alt

[graph.incomplete]

loop

[整个任务周期]

alt

[缺交付物]

[全绿]

alt

[退出码 ≠ 0]

[全绿]

alt

[发现 todo!/unimplemented!]

[通过]

无工具调用 / step 耗尽 / loop_guard 等

注入 nudge，继续

plan + checklist 均无可办项

纯文件扫描（先于 L2/L3）

阻断，强制返工

Harness 主动执行 verify

强制返工

路径/glob 对账

missing_deliverables + 返工

✅ 真实完成

要点： Layer 1 贯穿全程；Layer 2/3（及 Stub 门）仅在 graph_complete 候选时原子执行，同轮内 L2 全绿后才进入 L3。

4.2 案例：MicroStack02 欠分解假绿

MicroStack 框架压测（代号 MICROSTACK）规定 24 类交付物、四门验收 + [verify:] 纪律。一次典型失败跑（MicroStack02）：

观测模型侧实际产物

UI / 节点	checklist 100%、incomplete_stop=0、gate_skip graph_complete ×3	—
规模	声称完成	仅 ~7045 行（目标 15–40K）
覆盖率	checklist 项已勾	app 16.3%、orm 4.7%
欠分解	任务图全绿	gzip 中间件、cmd/microstack/main.go、Router trie 重构从未进 checklist

各层分别拦住了什么？

层级仅 Layer 1 时加上 Layer 2+3 后

Layer 1	✅ 无早停；但 checklist 全绿 → 放行候选	同左
Layer 2	—	✅ 覆盖率门、gofmt 真门可拦「测试红/未格式化」
Layer 3	—	✅ middleware/gzip.go、*/trie*.go 等 manifest 项抓到「从未分解进清单」的交付物

根因代码定位：maybe_continue_incomplete_code_task 只看模型自产 plan + checklist——完成度上界 = 模型自拆清单完整度。Layer 3 把「模型欠分解」平移为「操作者预写 manifest」，但 manifest 可离线审查、可回归，远比每次现场分解稳定。

下面逐层深入。

5. Layer 1：强制继续（LHT）—— 不让模型用散文结束

Layer 1 解决的核心问题：模型在多步骤任务中途以文字总结结束，不再调用任何工具。

5.1 问题根因

源码定位在 crates/runtime-server/src/long_horizon/mod.rs 的 maybe_continue_incomplete_code_task：

graph = CodeTaskGraph::from_snapshots(plan, checklist)
if graph.is_empty() -> Skip("graph_empty")
if !graph.incomplete() -> Skip("graph_complete")

完成判定完全依赖模型自产的 plan + checklist 快照。如果模型在初始分解时就遗漏了关键交付物，「open_items == 0」就是一个虚假的完成信号。

5.2 强制继续机制

maybe_continue_incomplete_code_task 被挂载在 no_tool_uses.rs 的分支链中（audit 之后、Break 之前）：

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是

否

是

否

是

否

是

否

是

否

是

否

模型无工具调用no_tool_uses 路径

1. scratchpad_summary+ pending steers?

Continue

2. pending steers?

Continue

3. sub-agentcompletions?

Continue

4. REPL blocks?

Continue / Break

5. incompleteaudit continue?

Continue(audit 独占)

6. ★ LHTgraph.incomplete?

Continue(注入 nudge)

Break

当模型在工具调用后只输出文字总结，引擎走 no_tool_uses 路径 → 第 6 分支触发 → 注入一条强制继续的 nudge 消息：

长程代码任务尚未完成 — 请勿仅用文字总结结束本轮。

目标：将 auth 模块重构为基于 trait 的后端
进度：████░░░░░░ 42%（plan 1/3 阶段；checklist 2/5 项未完成）

仍待完成：
– [plan ◎] 引入 AuthBackend trait
– [todo ○] 更新集成测试

请继续用工具完成当前 in_progress 项，验证（如 cargo check/test），再 checklist_update / update_plan。

5.3 NudgeTracker：防死循环

为防止模型在同一个 item 上无限循环，Zagens 实现了 NudgeTracker：

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.edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 defs #statediagram-barbEnd{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 g.stateGroup text{fill:#9370DB;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 g.stateGroup text{fill:#333;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 g.stateGroup .state-title{font-weight:bolder;fill:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 g.stateGroup rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 g.stateGroup line{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .transition{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .stateGroup .composit{fill:white;border-bottom:1px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .stateGroup .alt-composit{fill:#e0e0e0;border-bottom:1px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .state-note{stroke:#aaaa33;fill:#fff5ad;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .state-note text{fill:black;stroke:none;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .stateLabel .box{stroke:none;stroke-width:0;fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edgeLabel .label rect{fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .edgeLabel .label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .label div .edgeLabel{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .stateLabel text{fill:#131300;font-size:10px;font-weight:bold;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .node circle.state-start{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .node .fork-join{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .node circle.state-end{fill:#9370DB;stroke:white;stroke-width:1.5;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .end-state-inner{fill:white;stroke-width:1.5;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .node rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .node polygon{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 #statediagram-barbEnd{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-cluster rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .cluster-label,#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .nodeLabel{color:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-cluster rect.outer{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-state .divider{stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-state .title-state{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster .inner{fill:white;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-cluster.statediagram-cluster-alt .inner{fill:#f0f0f0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-cluster .inner{rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-state rect.basic{rx:5px;ry:5px;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-state rect.divider{stroke-dasharray:10,10;fill:#f0f0f0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .note-edge{stroke-dasharray:5;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-note rect{fill:#fff5ad;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;rx:0;ry:0;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-note text{fill:black;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram-note .nodeLabel{color:black;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagram .edgeLabel{color:red;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 #dependencyEnd{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 .statediagramTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-TKmBecJsMiLk8491 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

in_progress_id 被 nudge

有实质进展 → 重置计数

同一 item nudge 3 次无进展

同一 item nudge 5 次（硬上限）

连续 8 turn 无工具调用

long_horizon_blocked

用户消息恢复

请用户引导

Nudging

Blocked

WaitUser

AskUser

上图为状态机概览；阈值如下：

规则行为

同一 in_progress_id 被 nudge 3 次而无实质进展	long_horizon_blocked
同一 item 被 nudge 5 次（硬上限）	停止 nudge，等待用户消息恢复
in_progress_id 变化	重置计数
连续 8 个助手 turn 无工具调用	nudge 变为「请用户引导」，不再机械继续

5.4 进展判定

「有进展吗？」需要客观信号，而非正则的玄学判断：

信号判断方式性质

edit_file / write_file / apply_patch 成功	工具返回 success	客观
exec_shell + 退出码 0 + 匹配验证正则	success + 匹配	启发式
checklist_update / update_plan 成功	状态机迁移	客观
git working-tree 变化	git status –porcelain 签名变化	客观，语言无关

其中 git working-tree 信号（Phase 2.x 引入）解决了非主流语言项目中验证正则列表不全的问题——只要工作区文件发生了实际变化，就算进展。

5.5 演进中的关键修补

LHT 并非一次性设计完成。经过 DEMO3–DEMO6 四次实证压力测试，团队修复了多个隐蔽的早停泄漏路径：

泄漏路径症状修复

Step budget 耗尽	模型在 100 step 后 break，无任何 nudge	maybe_continue_at_step_limit 给予新的预算窗口（最多 3 次续命）
loop_guard 截停	同一工具连续失败 8 次，直接 Break	maybe_continue_after_loop_guard_halt 清除失败计数 + 建议切换方案
上下文溢出	上下文超出模型窗口，强制 Failed	maybe_cycle_handoff_on_context_overflow 强制一次 cycle 交接
欠分解导致的虚假完成	checklist 全绿但关键交付物未写	交给 Layer 2+3 解决（见 §4.2）

每个泄漏路径都对应一个 run.rs 中的 break 出口。团队做了系统性审计：每个 turn 退出点都必须经过 LHT 门禁，否则就是一个新的早停泄漏。

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早停泄漏路径（DEMO3–6 修补）

Step budget 耗尽

maybe_continue_at_step_limit最多 3 次续命

loop_guard 截停

maybe_continue_after_loop_guard_halt清除失败计数

上下文溢出

maybe_cycle_handoff_on_context_overflow强制 cycle 交接

欠分解虚假完成

Layer 2+3 机器门禁

每个 break 出口必须经过 LHT 门禁

6. Layer 2：硬验收门 —— Harness 主动执行，退出码当法官

Layer 1 只能保证「模型没提前停」，但不能保证「做对了」。Layer 2 扭转了判决权力：不再相信模型说「我跑过了，通过了」，Harness 重新跑一遍，看退出码。

6.1 设计铁律

不能用 LLM 当法官。用 LLM 审计者「读一遍然后说 LGTM」是一个软的、非确定性的、可说服的、不能离线回放的裁决。

正确的分工（下图）；硬验收门与交付物覆盖均由机器 Oracle 裁决，不由 LLM 散文判断：

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✅ 机器 Oracle

❌ 禁止

软 · 不可回放

LLM 审计者读一遍说 LGTM

退出码法官Harness 主动执行 manifest

路径对账法官预声明交付物扫描

不放行

通过 / 不通过

6.2 验收 Manifest

操作者在 ~/.zagens/config.toml 中声明验收门列表：

[long_horizon.completion_gate]
mode = "enforce"
max_manifest_rounds = 5

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.verify]]
id = "build"
cmd = "go build ./…"

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.verify]]
id = "contracts_stable"
cmd = "git diff –exit-code contracts/"

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.verify]]
id = "coverage_app"
shell = "none"
argv = ["zagens", "coverage-gate", "–pkg", "app", "–min", "75"]

关键约束：

shell = "none" + argv：跨平台（Windows 无 bash），避免引用语义漂移；
退出码不是 0 就判不通过，强制模型返工；
区分断言失败与基础设施错误：exit_class 分 assertion（测试红）和 infra（命令找不到、超时），连续 N 次 infra 则诚实宣布 audit_unmet；
只信任用户全局配置/内置测试夹具中的可执行命令，工作区配置/模型生成文件只能走 observe 模式（记录但不阻塞）。

6.3 任务无关的通用验收门

Layer 2 有三类 verify 来源；其中操作者 manifest（§6.2）适合回归夹具与强约束任务，另有两类零 per-task 配置、全局开关即覆盖所有代码任务的通用来源：

来源配置开关命令从哪里来信任层级

操作者 manifest	completion_gate.mode	手写的 [[verify]] 列表	受信任全局配置
模型 [verify:] 回放	auto_verify_replay	扫描已完成 checklist 项，Harness 主动重跑	无需额外信任
工具链探测门	toolchain_gate	探测 go.mod/Cargo.toml/package.json 等	内置固定命令

三类来源按归一化命令合并去重（优先级 operator > toolchain > model），一次跑完。日常任务可在 ~/.zagens/config.toml 中只开全局开关，无需 per-task manifest：

[long_horizon.completion_gate]
auto_verify_replay = "enforce" # 主动复跑模型声明的 [verify:]
toolchain_gate = "observe" # 工具链探测 build/test

如此设计后，Layer 2 的价值核心不再是「每个任务写一份 manifest」，而是**「Harness 主动执行、退出码当法官」**——大多数日常任务打开上述开关即可。

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发现 todo!/unimplemented!

通过

是

否

graph_complete 候选

Stub 门纯文件扫描

立即阻止

Layer 2 硬验收门

操作者 manifest

[verify:] 回放

工具链探测门go.mod / Cargo.toml / package.json

退出码 = 0?

Layer 3 交付物对账

强制返工

6.4 Stub 门（规则独立的接地信号）

Green build 可能掩盖缺失的功能实现——todo!() 编译能通过，但运行就崩。Zagens 在 Layer 2 之前插入一个纯文件扫描的 stub 门：

阻塞级（enforce）：todo!()、unimplemented!()、NotImplementedError、throw/panic!/raise + “not implemented” 句式 → 立即阻止完成；
记录级：纯 TODO/FIXME 注释 → 从不阻塞，仅计 telemetry。

这层门在 graph_complete 候选时先于 Layer 2/3 执行——纯文件扫描几乎零开销，如果发现 stub 就没必要花几分钟跑构建了。

7. Layer 3：交付物对账 —— 抓到模型从未分解进 checklist 的项

Layer 2 能阻止「测试没过但模型声称过了」，但它不能捕获「模型从未写在 checklist 里的交付物」——这才是 MicroStack02 的核心失败模式。

Layer 3 在 Layer 2 全绿后，用纯 Rust 同步扫描（非 agent_spawn、非 LLM）对工作区做 path/glob/tracked 对账，可选每项跑 optional_verify_cmd：

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否

是

退出码 ≠ 0

通过

操作者预声明交付物 manifest

纯 Rust 同步扫描非 agent_spawn · 非 LLM

路径/glob存在？

missing_deliverables

可选 verify命令

不通过

pass: true

结构化 JSON 输出离线可回放

操作者在 ~/.zagens/config.toml 中声明 [[long_horizon.completion_gate.deliverable]]（完整回归夹具见 fixtures/harness/microstack-completion-gate.toml）：

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.deliverable]]
id = "gzip_middleware"
path = "middleware/gzip.go"

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.deliverable]]
id = "deliverable_24_refactor"
glob = "**/*trie*.go"
optional_verify_cmd = "go test ./… -run Refactor"

[[long_horizon.completion_gate.deliverable]]
id = "contracts_frozen"
path = "contracts/server.go"
tracked = true # 须 git 仓库且已 commit，否则无基线

扫描完成后输出结构化 JSON，例如：

{
"pass": false,
"missing_deliverables": [
{"id": "gzip_middleware", "what": "middleware/gzip.go does not exist", "evidence": "workspace path missing"},
{"id": "deliverable_24_refactor", "what": "Router trie refactor not executed", "evidence": "glob router/*trie* zero hits"}
],
"manifest_round": 2
}

pass 只取决于退出码和路径命中——不依赖任何 LLM 的「感觉」，纯函数输出，离线可回放，可做快照回归。

诚实上限

三层门禁各自有界计数器：max_manifest_rounds、max_audit_rounds。如果耗尽而门仍未全绿，不会无限循环，而是记录 audit_unmet + 未达标门列表，不产生虚假绿灯。

8. Cycle & Handoff：可信的回合间交接

长程任务往往单次会话的上下文窗口不够。Zagens 通过 **Cycle（循环）**机制实现上下文无缝交接。

8.1 触发条件

条件默认

活动输入 token ≥ 阈值	768K（约 1M 窗口的 75%）
无飞行中的工具/流/审批	in_flight: false
LHT 增强	在 75–85% 警告带内，优先在 checklist item 完成时触发，避开编辑中途

8.2 交接内容

每次 cycle 交接有两层：

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层 2: Carry Forward（模型手写）

长程目标（一行）

待办 item ids

上次验证命令与结果

正在编辑的文件路径

失败方案 / 约束

层 1: StructuredState（自动保留）

模式 / 工作区 / cwd

plan → 阶段列表 + 状态标记

checklist → 进度 + 未完成项

working set → 最近读写文件

sub-agent → id + role + objective

audit scratchpad → run_id

Cycle 触发条件

活动 token ≥ 768K

in_flight: false

LHT: 优先在 checklist item 完成时

Cycle 交接

新 Cycle 会话

层 1（StructuredState）由引擎确定性保留；层 2（carry_forward）由模型在 cycle 边界手写。Carry forward 模板示例：

Also include in <carry_forward>:
– Long-horizon objective (one line)
– Open checklist/plan item ids or labels still pending
– Last verification command and outcome (pass/fail/not run)
– Files currently being edited (paths only)
– Failed approaches / constraints

8.3 可视化的 Cycle 时间线

下图仅为示意，不代表真实耗时。

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token ≥ 768K

再次触线

Cycle 1实现 + 工具调用

交接StructuredState + carry_forward

Cycle 2继续实现

交接

Cycle 3收尾验证

用户在 LongHorizonPanel 的 Cycle 标签页中可以看到：

当前 cycle 编号 + 时间线；
每轮 carry_forward 摘要（可展开预览）；
768K 警告线与当前上下文使用量的对比。

9. 宏观循环（Phase 4）：LHT ↔ CRAFT 交替

何时启用：默认长程任务 Layer 1–3 + Cycle 即可。Macro Loop 面向 15K–20K 行级超大重构，在实现与 QA 之间交替多轮；回归基线见 fixtures/harness/lht-eval-arms/lht_long_refactor.toml。

CRAFT（Implementer + Reviewer + Verifier 多代理段）负责质量闭环与缺口识别，没有 graph_complete 放行权——最终仍由 Layer 2/3 机器门裁决。

Zagens 实现了 Phase 4 Macro Loop——在 LHT 实现段和 CRAFT QA 段之间交替：

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代码实现

识别缺口

Layer 1–3

验证通过

auto_continue

CRAFT QA 段

Implementer

Reviewer

Verifier

LHT 实现段

Layer 1 防早停

Layer 2 退出码门

Layer 3 交付物对账

LHT 修复段

完成 / 下一轮

每轮 LHT 段使用 Layer 1–3 门禁推进代码实现；CRAFT 段使用多代理（Implementer + Reviewer + Verifier）做质量闭环。Macro Loop 的 auto_continue 机制让这个过程可以无人值守地跑多个回合。

这个宏循环的回归基线固定在 fixtures/harness/lht-eval-arms/lht_long_refactor.toml 中，作为 CI 的定期验证夹具。

10. 对抗审计器：Agent 独立的缺口枚举器

可选扩展：默认 Stub 门 + Layer 2/3 已覆盖大多数场景。对抗审计在 config.toml 中 opt-in 启用，用于 Stub 扫不到的「无标记占位实现」或「规格有、清单无」的缺口枚举。

Layer 2 的 stub 门（正则扫描）只能捕获标记明确的残缺实现。对「函数体返回 return Ok(()) 占位但没有标记」或「整个模块从未进入 checklist」这类情况，需要另一个 Agent 来发现。

但这里有一个微妙的设计边界：「法官」vs「缺口枚举器」。

法官型（禁止）缺口枚举器型（允许）

权力	直接判 pass/fail，放行或阻塞	没有放行/否决权；只输出「疑似缺口」候选
输出	“LGTM/不通过” 散文	机器可测试的断言：{file:line, 缺什么, 建议的 [verify: cmd]}
谁最终裁决	自身（软的、可说服的、不可回放）	仍然是机器 Oracle——候选注入后，stub 门/退出码/路径对账来裁决
失败模式	审计者-建设者共谋盖章	最坏情况「报几个假缺口」，机器门一跑就驳回了

对抗审计器的输出永远不直接进入 graph_complete 的放行/阻塞判断；它只能扩展机器的门禁检查面。最终绿灯仍然由退出码和路径命中决定。

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全绿

未通过

禁止直连

对抗审计 Agent缺口枚举器

输出候选file:line · 缺什么 · verify 建议

注入门禁检查面

Stub 门扫描

退出码 Oracle

路径/glob 对账

机器裁决

✅ graph_complete

返工 / audit_unmet

❌ 直接放行/阻塞

11. 可视化：让完成度可见

Harness 产生事实，可视化让事实可见。

Zagens 的桌面 UI 中有一个 2×2 的 Harness Grid：

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AgentPanelSub-agents / CRAFT

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ChecklistPanel计划与 checklist 进度

AuditScratchpadPanel审计草稿与恢复区

LongHorizonPanel 有三个子标签页：Task Graph（计划/checklist/门禁摘要）、Cycle（时间线与 carry_forward）、Context（768K 阈值 vs 上限）。

读屏场景：如何判断「真完成」？

你看到的含义建议

Task Graph 100% + 门禁全绿	Layer 2/3 已通过	✅ 可信任完成
Checklist 100% + 门禁琥珀色「有条件完成」	checklist 全勾但 manifest 未绿或 observe 缺口	继续让模型返工或检查 config
Nodes 有 gate_skip graph_complete 但无 manifest_gate_result	未启用 completion_gate	考虑打开 Layer 2/3
Nodes 有 audit_unmet	有界轮次耗尽	人工介入，不假绿

Nodes 标签页记录 Harness 决策流：

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.edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .label{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .label text,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node rect,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node circle,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node .label,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn 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span{fill:#dfd!important;stroke:#3a3!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .yellow>*{fill:#ffd!important;stroke:#fa0!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .yellow span{fill:#ffd!important;stroke:#fa0!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .red>*{fill:#fee!important;stroke:#c33!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .red span{fill:#fee!important;stroke:#c33!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .neutral>*{fill:#eef!important;stroke:#36c!important;}#mermaid-svg-X6WFUvcdg3NGGIfn .neutral span{fill:#eef!important;stroke:#36c!important;}

Nodes 决策流（颜色编码）

continue_injected

step_limit_continue

gate_skip

blocked

incomplete_stop

audit_unmet

verify_gate 裁决

背景：DEMO3–6 压测序列

代号载体主要发现

DEMO3	~2W 行 Go Monkey 解释器	unverified_acceptance 软提示→软门禁；[verify:] 纪律
DEMO4	同上	step budget 耗尽无声早停 → maybe_continue_at_step_limit
DEMO5	20K 行解释器	plan/checklist 双计数、verify_gate 文本匹配误报、cycle 阈值 mid-turn 不评估
DEMO6	Monkey 双后端	checklist_write 批量更新绕过 verify_gate

12. 经验教训与演化

Zagens Harness 不是纸面设计——它在 DEMO3–DEMO6 四次实证压力测试中暴露出许多隐蔽问题，并逐一修补。以下是几个有普适性的教训：

12.1 所有 turn 退出点都必须是 LHT 门禁

最初 LHT 只挂载在 no-tool-uses 路径上。但 step budget 耗尽、loop_guard 截停、上下文溢出——每个外循环 break 路径都可能产生虚假的 Completed，必须系统性审计每个退出点。

12.2 进展判定不能依赖文本匹配

最初用 result_contains_success 检查 "exit code: 0" 子串来判定验证命令是否成功，但 exec_shell 成功路径返回的是裸 stdout（ok monkey/lexer 0.078s），根本不包含退出码信息。修复很简单：删除多余的文本检查，success 布尔值就是退出码 0 的权威信号。

12.3 checklist 和 plan 不能算两份工作量

DEMO5 中，模型创建了 12 个 plan 项但全部放弃（pending），同时用 checklist 推进了 19 项全部完成。原来的进度算法将两方面相加，结果 12 + 19 = 31 总项、12 项 pending，进度卡在 61%。修复：当 checklist 非空时，以 checklist 为完成度的权威来源。

12.4 [verify:] 纪律是基础

模型的 checklist 项经常把「可运行的验收」退化为「创建文件」项——“create example scripts” 在 checklist 中标记完成只是创建了文件，但从未真正跑过。Zagens 在 base.md 中强化了 checklist 写作纪律：任何需要运行的验收项必须写作 [verify: <command>] <label>，并在引擎层做了判断强化。

12.5 门禁系统的天花板 = manifest 的完整性

这是一个诚实的边界声明。Layer 3 保证「manifest 中的交付物不会漏掉」，但不能保证「规范中写了但 manifest 中没写的」。这本质上是把「模型欠分解」变成了「操作者欠写 manifest」。但 manifest 可以离线审查、可回归、可复用——比模型每次现场分解稳定得多。

13. 测试与回归架

Zagens Harness 的验证体系包括：

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CI: verify-workspace.sh+ verify-lint.sh

kernel-v3-replay/

microstack-completion-gate.toml

lht-harness-baseline.json

strict-task-seed/

lht_long_refactor.toml

夹具路径均在 fixtures/harness/ 下；设计规格见 docs/harness/COMPOSABLE_HARNESS.md。

14. 结语

Zagens 的 Harness 工程回答了一个核心问题：当 AI Agent 说「我做完了」时，你怎么知道它是真的做完了？

答案不是信任模型，而是构建一整套独立于模型的机器门禁系统：

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Zagens Harness 全景

上下文续命

超大型重构

扩展检查面

Layer 1 · LHT防早停 · nudge 继续

Layer 2 · 硬验收门退出码 Oracle

Layer 3 · 交付物对账路径/glob 扫描

Cycle 交接StructuredState + Carry Forward

Macro LoopLHT ↔ CRAFT 交替

对抗审计缺口枚举 → 机器门裁决

可审计 · 可回放 · 真实完成

这套系统的设计哲学可以浓缩为一句话：Harness 不替模型做事，它只负责检查模型有没有把事做完。检查的手段是机器可回放的、可审计的、不依赖模型自身表达的。

本文基于 Zagens v0.8.2 的公开设计文档与源码。作品名称：Zagens（MIT 协议），开源地址：github.com/didclawapp-ai/zagens

1. 引言：Agent 的「声称完成」陷阱

2. 核心理念：Harness，不是聊天壳

3. 引擎基础：Kernel V3 —— 事件溯源的 Turn 引擎

4. 三层组合式 Harness 架构

4.1 门禁在何时触发

4.2 案例：MicroStack02 欠分解假绿

5. Layer 1：强制继续（LHT）—— 不让模型用散文结束

5.1 问题根因

5.2 强制继续机制

5.3 NudgeTracker：防死循环

5.4 进展判定

5.5 演进中的关键修补

6. Layer 2：硬验收门 —— Harness 主动执行，退出码当法官

6.1 设计铁律

6.2 验收 Manifest

6.3 任务无关的通用验收门

6.4 Stub 门（规则独立的接地信号）

7. Layer 3：交付物对账 —— 抓到模型从未分解进 checklist 的项

诚实上限

8. Cycle & Handoff：可信的回合间交接

8.1 触发条件

8.2 交接内容

8.3 可视化的 Cycle 时间线

9. 宏观循环（Phase 4）：LHT ↔ CRAFT 交替

10. 对抗审计器：Agent 独立的缺口枚举器

11. 可视化：让完成度可见

12. 经验教训与演化

12.1 所有 turn 退出点都必须是 LHT 门禁

12.2 进展判定不能依赖文本匹配

12.3 checklist 和 plan 不能算两份工作量

12.4 [verify:] 纪律是基础

12.5 门禁系统的天花板 = manifest 的完整性

13. 测试与回归架

14. 结语

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