Spring干货---IOC

话说天下大事，合久必分，分久必合……废话少说，直接上干货 基于Spring Framework 6.x

深入分析 Spring IoC 容器从 AbstractApplicationContext.refresh() 到容器完全就绪的完整源码链路，覆盖 Bean 从定义到实例化的全生命周期。

目录

第一部分：理论基础

第二部分：源码分析

第一部分：理论基础

1. IoC 理论基础

1.1 什么是 IoC（控制反转）

1.1.1 传统编程方式的问题

在传统的编程方式中，对象自己负责获取它所依赖的对象：

// ❌ 传统方式：对象控制自己的依赖
public class UserService {
private UserRepository userRepository;

public UserService() {
// 对象自己创建依赖 —— 强耦合
this.userRepository = new JdbcUserRepository();
}
}

问题：

• 对象与具体实现类强耦合
• 难以替换依赖实现（如切换到 MyBatis 或 JPA）
• 难以进行单元测试（无法 Mock 依赖）
• 依赖的生命周期管理混乱

1.1.2 IoC 的思想

// ✅ IoC 方式：依赖由外部注入
public class UserService {
private UserRepository userRepository;

// 依赖由外部传入 —— 控制反转
public UserService(UserRepository userRepository) {
this.userRepository = userRepository;
}
}

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控制反转

✅ IoC 方式

容器创建JdbcUserRepository

容器将依赖注入UserService

容器控制所有对象的生命周期

❌ 传统方式

UserService 自己创建new JdbcUserRepository()

UserService 控制依赖的创建和管理

IoC 的核心思想：

1.2 依赖注入（DI）—— IoC 的实现方式

依赖注入（Dependency Injection, DI）是 IoC 最主流的实现方式。Spring 支持三种注入方式：

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依赖注入 (DI)

① 构造器注入通过构造器参数传入依赖★ 推荐方式- 不可变依赖- 保证依赖不为 null- 支持 final 字段

② Setter 注入通过 setter 方法传入依赖- 可选依赖- 可变依赖- 可重新配置

③ 字段注入通过 @Autowired 直接注入字段- 代码简洁- ✗ 不可变- ✗ 难以测试- ✗ 隐藏依赖

// ① 构造器注入 — 推荐
@Service
public class UserService {
private final UserRepository userRepository;

public UserService(UserRepository userRepository) {
this.userRepository = userRepository;
}
}

// ② Setter 注入 — 可选依赖
@Service
public class UserService {
private UserRepository userRepository;

@Autowired
public void setUserRepository(UserRepository userRepository) {
this.userRepository = userRepository;
}
}

// ③ 字段注入 — 最简单但不推荐（但是工作过程中这种用法最多，至少我身边的人是这样的）
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
}

1.3 IoC 容器的两种形态

1.3.1 BeanFactory — 基础容器

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BeanFactory 接口(基础 IoC 容器)

核心功能:

getBean() — 获取 Bean

containsBean() — 判断是否存在

isSingleton() / isPrototype() — 判断作用域

getType() — 获取 Bean 类型

getAliases() — 获取别名

设计原则:

★ 延迟加载 (Lazy Loading)首次 getBean() 时才实例化

最小内存占用

适用于资源受限环境

1.3.2 ApplicationContext — 高级容器

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ApplicationContext 接口(高级 IoC 容器，继承 BeanFactory)

额外能力:

📢 事件发布 (ApplicationEvent)

🌍 国际化 (MessageSource)

📄 资源加载 (ResourceLoader)

🌱 环境抽象 (Environment + Profile)

🔧 自动装配 (BeanFactoryPostProcessor)

设计原则:

★ 预加载 (Eager Loading)启动时实例化所有单例 Bean

启动时完成所有初始化工作

运行时直接使用，无延迟

1.3.3 对比总结

#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV g.classGroup text{fill:#9370DB;stroke:none;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV g.classGroup text .title{font-weight:bolder;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .nodeLabel,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edgeLabel{color:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edgeLabel .label rect{fill:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .label text{fill:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .labelBkg{background:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edgeLabel .label span{background:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .classTitle{font-weight:bolder;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node rect,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node circle,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .divider{stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV g.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV g.classGroup rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV g.classGroup line{stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .classLabel .box{stroke:none;stroke-width:0;fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .classLabel .label{fill:#9370DB;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .relation{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .dashed-line{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .dotted-line{stroke-dasharray:1 2;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #compositionStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .composition{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #compositionEnd,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .composition{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .dependency{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .dependency{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #extensionStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .extension{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #extensionEnd,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .extension{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #aggregationStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .aggregation{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #aggregationEnd,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .aggregation{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #lollipopStart,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .lollipop{fill:#ECECFF!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV #lollipopEnd,#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .lollipop{fill:#ECECFF!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .edgeTerminals{font-size:11px;line-height:initial;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .classTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-45wPRIfVPx4xVHYV :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

«interface»

BeanFactory

+getBean(String name) : Object

+getBean(Class<T> type) : T

+containsBean(String name) : boolean

+isSingleton(String name) : boolean

+getType(String name) : Class<?>

«interface»

ApplicationContext

+getEnvironment() : ConfigurableEnvironment

+publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event)

+getApplicationName() : String

+getStartupDate() : long

基础 IoC 容器\\n提供 Bean 的获取和查询

高级容器\\n继承 BeanFactory\\n增加事件、国际化、环境等

1.4 容器继承层次体系

Spring 容器支持父子容器的层次结构：

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子容器可访问父容器的 Bean

是

否

是

否

父容器 (Root ApplicationContext)- 通常包含 Service、Repository- 业务逻辑层 Bean- 数据源、事务管理等基础设施

子容器 (Child ApplicationContext)- 通常包含 Controller- Web 层 Bean- 视图解析器等

子容器解析依赖时:

1. 先在子容器中查找

找到 ?

使用子容器的 Bean

2. 向父容器查找（委托）

父容器中找到 ?

使用父容器的 Bean

尝试创建 (仅子容器)

父容器解析依赖时:

★ 只在父容器中查找不能访问子容器的 Bean

典型场景：Spring MVC 中，DispatcherServlet 创建自己的子容器（WebApplicationContext），父容器是 ContextLoaderListener 创建的 Root ApplicationContext。Controller 在子容器中，Service/Repository 在父容器中。

2. Bean 核心知识

2.1 BeanDefinition — Bean 的元数据

2.1.1 什么是 BeanDefinition

BeanDefinition 是 Spring 中描述 Bean 的核心数据结构，它包含了创建 Bean 所需的全部元信息：

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BeanDefinition(Bean 的 '配方')

核心属性:

beanClassName — 全限定类名

scope — 作用域 (singleton/prototype/…)

lazyInit — 是否懒加载

dependsOn — 依赖的其他 Bean

constructorArgumentValues — 构造器参数

propertyValues — 属性值

initMethodName — 初始化方法名

destroyMethodName — 销毁方法名

factoryMethodName — 工厂方法名

factoryBeanName — 工厂 Bean 名

isPrimary — 是否为首选 Bean

isAbstract — 是否为抽象定义(模板)

来源:

XML:

注解: @Component/@Service/@Repository/@Controller

Java Config: @Bean 方法

动态注册: BeanDefinitionRegistry.registerBeanDefinition()

2.1.2 BeanDefinition 的层次结构

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«interface»

BeanDefinition

+getBeanClassName()

+getScope()

+isSingleton()

+isPrototype()

+isLazyInit()

+getDependsOn()

+getPropertyValues()

+getConstructorArgumentValues()

+isPrimary()

AbstractBeanDefinition

#beanClass

#scope

#lazyInit

#dependsOn

#propertyValues

#constructorArgumentValues

-autowireMode

-initMethodName

-destroyMethodName

+overrideFrom(BeanDefinition)

GenericBeanDefinition

+setParentName()

+getParentName()

RootBeanDefinition

★ 合并后的最终定义

– 不再有父定义

– 不可变

– 运行时使用

«interface»

AnnotatedBeanDefinition

+getMetadata() : AnnotationMetadata

+getFactoryMethodMetadata()

★ 运行时使用的 Bean 定义\\n在 getMergedLocalBeanDefinition() 时生成\\n合并了父 BeanDefinition 的属性

2.1.3 BeanDefinition 的合并过程

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否

是

getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName)

当前 BeanDefinition有 parentName ?

直接使用原始 GenericBeanDefinition转换为 RootBeanDefinition

获取父 BeanDefinition

★ 合并:- 子属性覆盖父属性- 子未定义的属性继承父- 生成 RootBeanDefinition

子 Bean 可覆盖:- beanClassName- scope- lazyInit- propertyValues- constructorArgumentValues

缓存为 mergedBeanDefinitions

返回 RootBeanDefinition(运行时使用的唯一 BeanDefinition 类型)

为什么需要合并？ 通过父子 BeanDefinition，可以实现配置模板的复用 —— 父定义作为模板，多个子定义继承通用配置、覆盖特定配置。

2.2 Bean 的作用域 (Scope)

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Bean 作用域

① singleton (默认)全容器只有一个实例★ 最常用- Bean 从单例缓存 singletonObjects 获取- 启动时预加载 (非懒加载)

② prototype每次获取都创建新实例- 每次 getBean() 都是新的- Spring 不管理完整生命周期- 销毁方法不自动回调

③ request (Web)每个 HTTP 请求一个实例- RequestScope- 请求结束自动销毁

④ session (Web)每个 HTTP Session 一个实例- SessionScope- Session 过期自动销毁

⑤ application (Web)每个 ServletContext 一个实例- 类似 singleton，但作用域在 ServletContext 维度

⑥ websocket (Web)每个 WebSocket 连接一个实例- WebSocket 关闭自动销毁

// 作用域配置方式
@Component
@Scope("singleton") // 默认
public class SingletonBean {}

@Component
@Scope("prototype") // 原型
public class PrototypeBean {}

@Component
@Scope(value = "request", proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS) // 请求作用域
public class RequestBean {}

@Component
@Scope(value = "session", proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS) // 会话作用域
public class SessionBean {}

Singleton 依赖 Prototype 的问题：如果 Singleton Bean 内部注入了 Prototype Bean，由于 Singleton 只创建一次，其内部的 Prototype Bean 也只会被注入一次。解决方案：使用 @Lookup 注解或 ObjectFactory 动态获取。

2.3 依赖注入详解

2.3.1 自动装配模式 (AutowireMode)

// AbstractBeanDefinition.java 中定义的常量
public static final int AUTOWIRE_NO = 0; // 默认 – 不自动装配
public static final int AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME = 1; // byName – 按名称自动装配
public static final int AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE = 2; // byType – 按类型自动装配
public static final int AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR = 3; // 构造器自动装配

2.3.2 @Autowired vs @Resource vs @Inject

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三种注入注解对比

@Autowired(Spring 原生)- 默认按类型注入- 配合 @Qualifier 按名称- required=false 可选

@Resource(JSR-250 / Jakarta EE)- 默认按名称注入- name 属性指定名称- type 属性指定类型

@Inject(JSR-330)- 默认按类型注入- @Named 按名称- 无 required 属性- 需额外依赖

// @Autowired 示例
@Service
public class UserService {

// 按类型注入（如果只有一个匹配）
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;

// 按类型 + 按名称限定
@Autowired
@Qualifier("jdbcUserRepository")
private UserRepository jdbcRepo;

// 注入所有匹配类型的 Bean
@Autowired
private List<UserRepository> allRepos;

// 可选依赖（不存在时不报错）
@Autowired(required = false)
private Logger logger;
}

2.3.3 注入方式的处理顺序

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是

否

Bean 实例化后 → populateBean()

BeanDefinition中指定了 autowireMode ?(AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME/AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE)

执行 byName / byType 自动装配(传统 XML 配置方式)

★ 遍历 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用 postProcessProperties()

关键处理器:

AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理 @Autowired / @Value / @Inject内部调用 InjectionMetadata.inject()

CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理 @Resource

PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理 @PersistenceContext / @PersistenceUnit

★ 实际执行注入- 从容器中查找依赖 Bean- 若不存在则创建 (getBean)- 通过反射设置字段值或调用方法

✅ 依赖注入完成

2.4 Bean 的命名与别名

别名机制示例：

// 方式一: @Bean 声明多个名称
@Bean(name = {"dataSource", "primaryDataSource", "masterDataSource"})
public DataSource dataSource() { ... }

// 方式二: 编程式注册别名
@Component("userService")
public class UserService { }

@Configuration
public class AppConfig implements BeanFactoryAware {
@Override
public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
((BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory)
.registerAlias("userService", "uSvc");
}
}

2.5 FactoryBean vs BeanFactory

这是一个经典面试题：

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FactoryBean vs BeanFactory

FactoryBean- 是一个生产 Bean 的工厂- 本身是一个 Bean- 用于创建复杂对象- getObject() 返回生产的 Bean- &beanName 获取 FactoryBean 自身

BeanFactory- 是整个 IoC 容器- 管理所有 Bean 的生命周期- 是 Spring 框架的基础设施- 不是普通的 Bean

// FactoryBean 示例：创建复杂对象
@Component("myBatisSqlSessionFactory")
public class SqlSessionFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<SqlSessionFactory> {

private DataSource dataSource;

@Override
public SqlSessionFactory getObject() throws Exception {
// 复杂创建逻辑
SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}

@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return SqlSessionFactory.class;
}

@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
}

// 获取 FactoryBean 产生的对象 vs FactoryBean 自身
@Autowired
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; // ← getObject() 的产物

@Autowired
@Qualifier("&myBatisSqlSessionFactory")
private SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean; // ← FactoryBean 自身

2.6 循环依赖问题

2.6.1 什么是循环依赖

A 依赖 B → B 依赖 C → C 依赖 A

例如:
@Service
public class A { @Autowired private B b; }
@Service
public class B { @Autowired private C c; }
@Service
public class C { @Autowired private A a; }

2.6.2 循环依赖解决的前提条件

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✅ Spring 能解决的情况:

单例 Bean 的 Setter/Field 注入

循环依赖发生在不同的 Bean 之间

不是构造器注入

❌ Spring 不能解决的情况:

原型 (prototype) 作用域的循环依赖

构造器注入的循环依赖

Spring Boot 3 默认禁用循环依赖(setAllowCircularReferences(false))若需要: spring.main.allow-circular-references=true

2.6.3 解决方案

第二部分：源码分析

3. Spring IoC 容器概述

3.1 什么是 IoC 容器

Spring IoC（Inversion of Control）容器是 Spring 框架的核心，负责：

• Bean 定义加载：读取 XML、注解、Java Config 等配置，解析为 BeanDefinition
• Bean 实例化：通过反射创建 Bean 实例
• 依赖注入：自动装配 Bean 之间的依赖关系
• Bean 生命周期管理：从初始化到销毁的完整生命周期回调

3.2 容器启动的整体阶段

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📦 阶段1BeanDefinition 加载(XML/注解/Java Config → BeanDefinition)

⚙️ 阶段2BeanFactory 后置处理(BeanDefinition 增强/修改)

🔧 阶段3BeanPostProcessor 注册(Bean 实例化的拦截器)

🌱 阶段4Bean 实例化(单例 Bean 创建 + 依赖注入)

✅ 阶段5容器就绪(事件发布 + 生命周期回调)

4. 容器启动总览：refresh() 方法

4.1 概览图

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▶️ refresh() 入口synchronized(this.startupShutdownMonitor)

① prepareRefresh()- 记录启动时间- 设置 active 标志- 初始化 PropertySources- 校验必要属性

② obtainFreshBeanFactory()- 刷新 BeanFactory (子类实现)- 返回 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory- ★ XML: 加载解析 XML 文件- ★ 注解: 已在上层完成 (GenericApplicationContext)

③ prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory)- 设置 ClassLoader- 注册默认的 BeanPostProcessor- 注册默认的 Environment Bean- 忽略 Aware 接口的自动装配

④ postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory)- ★ 模板方法，留给子类扩展- 子类可以在此注册特殊的 BeanPostProcessor- (Web 容器在此注册 request/session scope)

⑤ ★ invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory) ★- 执行所有 BeanFactoryPostProcessor- ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 解析 @Configuration- 触发 @ComponentScan 扫描- 处理 @Import、@Bean 等- ★ 所有 BeanDefinition 在此完成注册

⑥ registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)- 注册 BeanPostProcessor 实现类- 按 PriorityOrdered → Ordered → 普通 排序- ★ 这些处理器将在 Bean 实例化时被调用

⑦ initMessageSource()- 初始化国际化消息源- 查找名为 messageSource 的 Bean- 默认 DelegatingMessageSource

⑧ initApplicationEventMulticaster()- 初始化事件广播器- 查找名为 applicationEventMulticaster 的 Bean- 默认 SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster

⑨ onRefresh()- ★ 模板方法，留给子类- Spring Boot: createWebServer()- 普通 Spring: 空实现

⑩ registerListeners()- 注册 ApplicationListener Bean- 广播早期事件 (earlyApplicationEvents)

⑪ ★ finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory) ★- 实例化所有非懒加载单例 Bean- ★ getBean() 触发完整 Bean 生命周期- 触发 SmartInitializingSingleton 回调

⑫ finishRefresh()- 清除 Resource 缓存- 初始化 LifecycleProcessor- 启动 Lifecycle Bean- 发布 ContextRefreshedEvent

✅ refresh() 完成容器完全就绪

4.2 源码

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// ─── 步骤 1：准备刷新 ───
prepareRefresh();

// ─── 步骤 2：获取 BeanFactory ───
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

// ─── 步骤 3：准备 BeanFactory ───
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

try {
// ─── 步骤 4：BeanFactory 后置处理（模板方法） ───
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

// ─── 步骤 5：调用 BeanFactoryPostProcessor ★核心★ ───
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

// ─── 步骤 6：注册 BeanPostProcessor ★核心★ ───
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

// ─── 步骤 7：初始化消息源 ───
initMessageSource();

// ─── 步骤 8：初始化事件多播器 ───
initApplicationEventMulticaster();

// ─── 步骤 9：onRefresh（模板方法） ───
onRefresh();

// ─── 步骤 10：注册监听器 ───
registerListeners();

// ─── 步骤 11：完成 BeanFactory 初始化 ★核心★ ───
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

// ─── 步骤 12：完成刷新 ───
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// 清理
destroyBeans();
cancelRefresh(ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
// 清除反射缓存等公共缓存
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}

5. 步骤 1：prepareRefresh() — 准备刷新

5.1 流程图

#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .label{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .label text,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node rect,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node circle,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node .label,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-wocgjhdsfWd4ntkT :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

prepareRefresh()

this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis()记录启动时间戳

this.closed.set(false)this.active.set(true)设置状态标志

initPropertySources()★ 模板方法，子类可初始化自定义属性源(如 Web 应用初始化 ServletContext 属性)

getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties()★ 校验标记为 required 的属性是否存在若缺失则抛出 MissingRequiredPropertiesException

this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>()保存早期事件（广播器未就绪时发布的事件）

✅ 刷新准备完成

5.2 源码

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void prepareRefresh() {
// 1. 记录容器启动时间
this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
this.closed.set(false);
this.active.set(true);

if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Refreshing " + this);
}

// 2. 初始化属性源（模板方法，留给子类覆盖）
initPropertySources();

// 3. 校验必要属性
getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();

// 4. 创建早期事件集合（存储监听器注册前发布的事件）
this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
}

initPropertySources() 扩展点：

// 例如：GenericWebApplicationContext 中的实现
@Override
protected void initPropertySources() {
ConfigurableEnvironment env = getEnvironment();
if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(
getServletContext(), getServletConfig());
}
}

6. 步骤 2：obtainFreshBeanFactory() — 获取 BeanFactory

6.1 流程图

#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .label{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .label text,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node .label,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-c9sxRBFSXEynQWG3 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext(XML 模式)

GenericApplicationContext(注解模式)

obtainFreshBeanFactory()

refreshBeanFactory()★ 抽象方法，由子类实现

子类类型 ?

1. 若已有 BeanFactory，销毁并关闭2. 创建 DefaultListableBeanFactory3. 加载 BeanDefinition (XmlBeanDefinitionReader 解析 XML)4. 设置 BeanFactory 的 ID

1. CAS 设置 refreshed 标志(防止重复刷新)2. BeanFactory 已在构造时创建(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader 解析注解配置类)

return getBeanFactory()返回 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory

✅ BeanFactory 就绪包含所有 BeanDefinition

6.2 源码

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
refreshBeanFactory();
return getBeanFactory();
}

XML 模式实现 (AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext)：

@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory); // ★ 加载 XML
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
} catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing XML document", ex);
}
}

注解模式实现 (GenericApplicationContext)：

@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws IllegalStateException {
if (!this.refreshed.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"GenericApplicationContext does not support multiple refresh attempts");
}
this.beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
}

注解模式下，BeanFactory（DefaultListableBeanFactory）在 GenericApplicationContext 的构造函数中就已创建：

// GenericApplicationContext.java
public GenericApplicationContext() {
this.beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
}

BeanDefinition 的注册在 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 的构造函数中完成：

// AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses) {
this();
register(componentClasses);
refresh(); // ← 随即调用 refresh()
}

7. 步骤 3：prepareBeanFactory() — 准备 BeanFactory

7.1 流程图

#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .label{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .label text,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node rect,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node circle,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node .label,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-X5Gm2gNX5d9x26Oi :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory)

setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader())设置类加载器

setBeanExpressionResolver( StandardBeanExpressionResolver)设置 SpEL 表达式解析器用于解析 #{…} 表达式

addPropertyEditorRegistrar( ResourceEditorRegistrar)注册属性编辑器用于将 String 转换为 Resource/File/URL 等

addBeanPostProcessor( ApplicationContextAwareProcessor)★ 注册 Aware 回调处理器处理 EnvironmentAware、ApplicationContextAware 等 6 个接口

ignoreDependencyInterface( EnvironmentAware, ApplicationContextAware, …)★ 忽略这些 Aware 接口的自动装配(它们由 ApplicationContextAwareProcessor 手动注入)

registerResolvableDependency()注册可解析依赖- BeanFactory → 当前 BeanFactory- ResourceLoader → 当前 ApplicationContext- ApplicationContext → 当前 ApplicationContext- ApplicationEventPublisher → 当前 ApplicationContext

addBeanPostProcessor( ApplicationListenerDetector)★ 注册 ApplicationListener 检测器在 Bean 初始化后，若为 ApplicationListener 则注册到事件多播器

registerSingleton()注册环境相关单例 Bean:- environment: ConfigurableEnvironment- systemProperties: Map- systemEnvironment: Map

✅ BeanFactory 准备完成

7.2 源码

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 1. 设置类加载器
beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());

// 2. 设置 SpEL 表达式解析器
if (!NativeDetector.inNativeImage()) {
beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(
new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}

// 3. 注册属性编辑器
beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

// 4. ★ 注册 ApplicationContextAwareProcessor
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));

// 5. ★ 忽略以下 Aware 接口的自动装配
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationStartup.class);

// 6. 注册可解析依赖
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

// 7. ★ 注册 ApplicationListenerDetector
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

// 8. LoadTimeWeaver
if (!NativeDetector.inNativeImage() && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(
new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}

// 9. 注册环境相关单例 Bean
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME,
getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME,
getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_STARTUP_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_STARTUP_BEAN_NAME,
getApplicationStartup());
}
}

8. 步骤 4：postProcessBeanFactory() — BeanFactory 后置处理

8.1 说明

这是模板方法，AbstractApplicationContext 中为空实现，由子类覆盖。

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 空实现，留给子类扩展
}

8.2 Spring Boot Web 容器中的实现

// ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java (Spring Boot)
@Override
protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(
new WebApplicationContextServletContextAwareProcessor(this));
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ServletContextAware.class);
registerWebApplicationScopes(); // ★ 注册 request、session、application scope
}

9. 步骤 5：invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors() — 调用 BeanFactory 后置处理器 ★★★

9.1 概述

这是 Spring 容器启动过程中最核心、最复杂的步骤。它负责：

• 执行所有 BeanFactoryPostProcessor（包括 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor）
• ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 在此解析 @Configuration、@ComponentScan、@Import、@Bean 等
• 自动配置在此生效（Spring Boot 通过 AutoConfigurationImportSelector 导入配置类）
• 最终所有 BeanDefinition 注册完成

9.2 整体流程图

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ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 处理过程

解析所有 @Configuration 类

处理 @ComponentScan扫描指定包下的 @Component/@Service/@Repository/@Controller

处理 @Import- 普通类: 注册为 BeanDefinition- ImportSelector: 调用 selectImports()- ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar: 注册为 Registrar

处理 @Bean 方法将方法注册为 BeanDefinition

处理 @PropertySource加载 .properties 文件

处理父类/接口的 @Configuration若发现新的配置类，递归处理

invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory)

PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()

获取/分类所有 BeanFactoryPostProcessor- BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor (扩展了 BFPP)- 普通 BeanFactoryPostProcessor

★★★ 阶段1: 执行 PriorityOrdered 的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor当前通常只有: ConfigurationClassPostProcessor ★

★★★ 阶段2: 执行 Ordered 的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor(如在阶段1中新注册的)

★★★ 阶段3: 执行剩余所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor(含前两阶段中新注册的)★ 循环执行直到没有新的注册

阶段4: 执行所有 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor上的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 方法(postProcessBeanFactory())

阶段5: 执行剩余的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor(非 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor)按 PriorityOrdered → Ordered → 普通 排序执行

✅ BeanDefinition 注册完成配置类已解析自动配置已生效

9.3 源码详解

// PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {

Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();

if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

// 首先分离手动注册的处理器
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor) {
registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
} else {
regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
}
}

List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

// ─── 阶段 1: 执行实现了 PriorityOrdered 的 ───
// ★ ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 在此执行！
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry,
beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

// ─── 阶段 2: 执行实现了 Ordered 的 ───
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry,
beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

// ─── 阶段 3: 执行所有剩余的（while 循环直到没有新的） ───
boolean reiterate = true;
while (reiterate) {
reiterate = false;
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
reiterate = true;
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(
currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
}

// ─── 阶段 4: 执行所有 RegistryProcessor 上的 BFPP 回调 ───
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
} else {
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}

// ─── 阶段 5: 执行非 Registry 的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor ───
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();

for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
// skip
} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
} else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}

sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
orderedPostProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(
beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}

9.4 ConfigurationClassPostProcessor — 注解配置解析核心

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ConfigurationClassParser 解析过程

1. 处理 @PropertySource加载 .properties 配置文件并添加到 Environment

2. 处理 @ComponentScan- 扫描指定包路径- 找到 @Component/@Service/@Repository/@Controller- 递归注册为 BeanDefinition

3. 处理 @Import- 普通类 → 注册为 BeanDefinition- ImportSelector → 调用 selectImports() – AutoConfigurationImportSelector (Spring Boot)- ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar → 延迟注册

4. 处理 @ImportResource导入 XML 配置文件

5. 处理 @Bean 方法将方法签名、依赖、initMethod/destroyMethod 等封装为 BeanMethod 对象

6. 处理父接口的 default 方法若接口有 @Bean 注解的 default 方法，同样注册

7. 递归处理内嵌的 @Configuration 类若发现新的配置类（如内部类），递归处理

ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()

从 BeanDefinitionRegistry 中找到所有 @Configuration 类(以及 @Component、@ComponentScan、@Import等标注的类)

创建 ConfigurationClassParser逐个解析配置类

ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader将解析结果注册为 BeanDefinition- 读取收集到的 @Bean 方法 → BeanDefinition- 处理 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar

✅ 所有 BeanDefinition 注册完成

ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 核心源码：

// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}

public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
if (ConfigurationClassUtils.isFullConfigurationClass(beanDef) ||
ConfigurationClassUtils.isLiteConfigurationClass(beanDef)) {
// 已处理过的
} else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(
beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
}
}

if (configCandidates.isEmpty()) return;

configCandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> {
int i1 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd1.getBeanDefinition());
int i2 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd2.getBeanDefinition());
return Integer.compare(i1, i2);
});

ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);

Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());

do {
parser.parse(candidates);
parser.validate();

Set<ConfigurationClass> configClasses =
new LinkedHashSet<>(parser.getConfigurationClasses());
configClasses.removeAll(alreadyParsed);

if (this.reader == null) {
this.reader = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader(
registry, this.sourceExtractor, this.resourceLoader, this.environment,
this.importBeanNameGenerator, parser.getImportRegistry());
}
this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);
alreadyParsed.addAll(configClasses);

candidates.clear();
if (registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() > candidateNames.length) {
String[] newCandidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
Set<String> oldCandidateNames = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(candidateNames));
Set<String> alreadyParsedClasses = new HashSet<>();
for (ConfigurationClass configurationClass : alreadyParsed) {
alreadyParsedClasses.add(configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
}
for (String candidateName : newCandidateNames) {
if (!oldCandidateNames.contains(candidateName)) {
BeanDefinition bd = registry.getBeanDefinition(candidateName);
if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(
bd, this.metadataReaderFactory) &&
!alreadyParsedClasses.contains(bd.getBeanClassName())) {
candidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(bd, candidateName));
}
}
}
candidateNames = newCandidateNames;
}
} while (!candidates.isEmpty());
}

10. 步骤 6：registerBeanPostProcessors() — 注册 Bean 后置处理器

10.1 流程图

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registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)

从 BeanFactory 中获取所有BeanPostProcessor 类型的 Bean 名称

按优先级分类:1. 实现了 PriorityOrdered2. 实现了 Ordered3. 普通4. MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor

注册 PriorityOrdered 的 BPP- 排序后实例化- 注册到 BeanFactory.beanPostProcessors 列表

注册 Ordered 的 BPP- 排序后实例化- 追加到列表

注册普通的 BPP- 实例化- 追加到列表

★ 最后注册 MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor- 排序后实例化- 追加到列表末端

重新注册 ApplicationListenerDetector(确保它在列表末尾，在所有 BPP 之后执行)

✅ BeanPostProcessor 注册完成将在 Bean 实例化阶段被依次调用

关键细节：BeanPostProcessor 本身的实例化也在这一步完成（通过 beanFactory.getBean()），这意味着这些 Bean 会提前于普通 Bean 被实例化。

10.2 源码

// PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java
public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {

String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(
BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);

int beanProcessorTargetCount =
beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(
new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));

List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();

for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
} else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}

sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);

List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);

List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
}
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);

sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);

beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
}

10.3 常见的 BeanPostProcessor

11. 步骤 7：initMessageSource() — 初始化消息源

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void initMessageSource() {
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME)) {
this.messageSource = beanFactory.getBean(
MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, MessageSource.class);
if (this.parent != null &&
this.messageSource instanceof HierarchicalMessageSource hms) {
if (hms.getParentMessageSource() == null) {
hms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource());
}
}
} else {
DelegatingMessageSource dms = new DelegatingMessageSource();
dms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource());
this.messageSource = dms;
beanFactory.registerSingleton(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, this.messageSource);
}
}

12. 步骤 8：initApplicationEventMulticaster() — 初始化事件多播器

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() {
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) {
this.applicationEventMulticaster = beanFactory.getBean(
APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class);
} else {
this.applicationEventMulticaster =
new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerSingleton(
APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);
}
}

关键：默认的 SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster 用于同步广播事件。如需异步事件，可注册自定义的 applicationEventMulticaster Bean 并设置 TaskExecutor。

13. 步骤 9：onRefresh() — 刷新子容器

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void onRefresh() throws BeansException {
// 模板方法，留给子类覆盖
}

典型覆盖场景：

14. 步骤 10：registerListeners() — 注册监听器

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void registerListeners() {
for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
}

String[] listenerBeanNames =
getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
}

Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents;
this.earlyApplicationEvents = null;
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(earlyEventsToProcess)) {
for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) {
getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent);
}
}
}

15. 步骤 11：finishBeanFactoryInitialization() — 完成 BeanFactory 初始化 ★★★

15.1 概述

这是另一个核心步骤，负责实例化所有非懒加载的单例 Bean。每个 Bean 在此经历完整的生命周期（实例化 → 属性填充 → 初始化 → 后置处理）。

15.2 流程图

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DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons()

否

是

是

否

还有

遍历完成

获取所有 BeanDefinitionNames

遍历每个 BeanDefinition

非抽象 && 单例&& 非懒加载 ?

跳过此 Bean

isFactoryBean ?

getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + name)★ 先实例化 FactoryBean 本身(其产生的 Bean 延迟到使用时才创建)

getBean(beanName)★ ★ ★ 触发完整的 Bean 创建流程(详见图 15.3)

★ 触发所有 SmartInitializingSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated()典型实现:- RequestMappingHandlerAdapter (Controller 方法映射)- EventListenerMethodProcessor (@EventListener 注解处理)

finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)

1. 初始化 ConversionService若存在名为 conversionService 的 Bean设置为 BeanFactory 的类型转换服务

2. 注册默认的嵌入式值解析器(如 ${…} 占位符解析)

3. 冻结 Configuration禁止进一步修改 BeanDefinition 元数据

4. ★ preInstantiateSingletons()预实例化所有非懒加载的单例 Bean

✅ 所有单例 Bean 已就绪BeanFactory 初始化完成

15.3 Bean 创建的完整流程（doGetBean → createBean → doCreateBean）

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缓存命中

缓存未命中

存在

不存在

singleton

prototype

request/session/…

doCreateBean() — 核心创建过程

initializeBean() 详细过程

invokeAwareMethods()调用 Aware 接口方法:- BeanNameAware.setBeanName()- BeanClassLoaderAware.setBeanClassLoader()- BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()

★ applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization()遍历所有 BeanPostProcessor调用 postProcessBeforeInitialization()典型实现: @PostConstruct 注解处理(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor)

invokeInitMethods()★ 调用初始化方法- 若实现了 InitializingBean → afterPropertiesSet()- 若配置了 initMethod → 反射调用

★ applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization()遍历所有 BeanPostProcessor调用 postProcessAfterInitialization()典型实现: AOP 代理创建(AbstractAutoProxyCreator)

① createBeanInstance()★ 实例化 Bean（创建对象）- 若有 Supplier → Supplier.get()- 若有工厂方法 → 通过工厂方法创建- 确定构造器 → 反射调用构造器 – 若只有一个构造器 → 直接使用 – 若有多个构造器 → SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor .determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors() 选出 @Autowired 标注的构造器 – CGLIB 子类化场景 → 使用 objenesis 创建

② applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors()★ 后置处理合并后的 BeanDefinition(如 AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 收集 @Autowired 注入点元数据)

③ ★ addSingletonFactory()将 Bean 的早期引用放入三级缓存(用于解决循环依赖)singletonFactories.put(beanName, () → getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean))

④ ★ populateBean()属性填充 / 依赖注入

populateBean() 详细过程

遍历 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用 postProcessAfterInstantiation()可在此终止属性填充

★ 解析自动装配模式(AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME / AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE)如果不是显式指定的，跳过

★ 遍历 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用 postProcessProperties()AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor: 收集 @Autowired/@Value 注入点 并实际执行依赖注入CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor: 收集 @Resource 注入点 并实际执行依赖注入

进行实际的属性填充(通过反射执行依赖注入)

⑤ ★ initializeBean()Bean 初始化

⑥ ★ 循环依赖检查若 Bean 在创建过程中被其他线程从缓存中获取，确保是最终版本

getBean(name)

doGetBean(name, type, args, typeCheckOnly)

★ getSingleton(beanName)从三级缓存中获取(一级: singletonObjects 二级: earlySingletonObjects 三级: singletonFactories)

直接返回

父容器中存在？(双亲委派)

从父容器获取并返回

getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName)合并 BeanDefinition(父子 BeanDefinition 合并)

检查 depends-on 依赖先实例化 depends-on 指定的 Bean

Scope ?

★ createBean(beanName, mbd, args)→ doCreateBean()

prototype 创建每次请求都创建新实例

调用对应 Scope 的 get() 方法

addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject)★ 将最终成品 Bean 放入一级缓存singletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject)同时从二三级缓存中移除

✅ 返回完整的 Bean 实例

15.4 源码关键片段

getBean 入口：

// AbstractBeanFactory.java
protected <T> T doGetBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType,
@Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);

// ★ 第一步：尝试从缓存中获取（三级缓存解决循环依赖）
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
} else {
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}

BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// 委托父容器
}

if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}

RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);

String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
getBean(dep); // 递归创建依赖的 Bean
}
}

if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} catch (BeansException ex) {
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
} else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
} else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
}

if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
// 类型转换
}
return (T) bean;
}

15.5 三级缓存解决循环依赖

// DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java

/** 一级缓存：完全初始化完成的 Bean */
private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);

/** 二级缓存：早期暴露的 Bean（未完成属性填充和初始化） */
private final Map<String, Object> earlySingletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);

/** 三级缓存：Bean 工厂（用于生成早期 Bean 引用，支持 AOP 代理） */
private final Map<String, ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16);

/** 正在创建中的 Bean 集合（用于循环依赖检测） */
private final Set<String> singletonsCurrentlyInCreation =
Collections.newSetFromMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16));

protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory =
this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}

循环依赖解决流程：

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经典循环依赖场景: A → B → A

创建 A 实例 ✓

A 的早期引用放入三级缓存 ✓

A 需要注入 B

触发 B 的创建

创建 B 实例 ✓

B 需要注入 A

★ 从三级缓存获取 A 的早期引用 ✓

B 完成属性填充

B 完成初始化

B 完成 → 放入一级缓存

A 获得完整的 B 实例

A 完成属性填充

A 完成初始化 → 放入一级缓存

注意：Spring 只支持单例 Bean 的 Setter/Field 注入循环依赖。构造器注入的循环依赖无法解决。Spring Boot 3 默认禁用循环依赖（setAllowCircularReferences(false)）。

16. 步骤 12：finishRefresh() — 完成刷新

16.1 源码

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void finishRefresh() {
// 1. 清除上下文级 Resource 缓存
clearResourceCaches();

// 2. 初始化生命周期处理器
initLifecycleProcessor();

// 3. ★ 启动所有实现了 Lifecycle 接口的 Bean
getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

// 4. ★ 发布 ContextRefreshedEvent（标志着容器已完全就绪）
publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

// 5. 向 LiveBeansView 注册（JMX 支持）
if (!NativeDetector.inNativeImage()) {
LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}
}

16.2 LifecycleProcessor

// AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected void initLifecycleProcessor() {
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
this.lifecycleProcessor =
beanFactory.getBean(LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, LifecycleProcessor.class);
} else {
DefaultLifecycleProcessor defaultProcessor = new DefaultLifecycleProcessor();
defaultProcessor.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
this.lifecycleProcessor = defaultProcessor;
beanFactory.registerSingleton(
LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, this.lifecycleProcessor);
}
}

DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh() 会找到所有实现了 Lifecycle 接口的 Bean，按 phase 排序后调用 start() 方法。

17. Bean 的完整生命周期

17.1 生命周期全景图

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销毁阶段

就绪阶段

初始化阶段

属性填充阶段

后置处理阶段

实例化阶段

BeanDefinition 阶段

1. BeanDefinition 注册(XML 解析 / 注解扫描 / @Bean 方法)

2. BeanDefinition 合并(getMergedLocalBeanDefinition)合并父 BeanDefinition 的属性

3. 构造器推断SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors()

4. ★ 实例化反射调用构造器 / CGLIB 子类化(objenesis)createBeanInstance()

5. MergedBeanDefinition 后置处理applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors()(收集 @Autowired/@Value 元数据)

6. ★ 三级缓存暴露addSingletonFactory()(允许循环依赖的其他 Bean 引用此早期对象)

7. ★ InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation()可在此决定是否继续填充

8. ★ 依赖注入InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties()- @Autowired / @Value- @Resource

9. Aware 接口回调- BeanNameAware- BeanClassLoaderAware- BeanFactoryAware- ApplicationContextAware (由 BPP 处理)

10. ★ BPP.postProcessBeforeInitialization()- @PostConstruct (CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor)

11. InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()

12. 自定义 init-method

13. ★ BPP.postProcessAfterInitialization()- AOP 代理创建 (AbstractAutoProxyCreator)

14. ★ Bean 就绪放入一级缓存 singletonObjects

15. SmartInitializingSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated()

16. DisposableBean.destroy()

17. 自定义 destroy-method

18. @PreDestroy 方法

17.2 生命周期中的关键接口

18. 核心类继承关系

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.edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij svg{font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij g.classGroup text{fill:#9370DB;stroke:none;font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij g.classGroup text .title{font-weight:bolder;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .nodeLabel,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .edgeLabel{color:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .edgeLabel .label rect{fill:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .label text{fill:#131300;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .labelBkg{background:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .edgeLabel .label span{background:#ECECFF;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .classTitle{font-weight:bolder;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node rect,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node circle,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .divider{stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij g.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij g.classGroup rect{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij g.classGroup line{stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .classLabel .box{stroke:none;stroke-width:0;fill:#ECECFF;opacity:0.5;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .classLabel .label{fill:#9370DB;font-size:10px;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .relation{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .dashed-line{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .dotted-line{stroke-dasharray:1 2;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #compositionStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .composition{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #compositionEnd,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .composition{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .dependency{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #dependencyStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .dependency{fill:#333333!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #extensionStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .extension{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #extensionEnd,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .extension{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #aggregationStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .aggregation{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #aggregationEnd,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .aggregation{fill:transparent!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #lollipopStart,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .lollipop{fill:#ECECFF!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij #lollipopEnd,#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .lollipop{fill:#ECECFF!important;stroke:#333333!important;stroke-width:1;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .edgeTerminals{font-size:11px;line-height:initial;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .classTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-8r50gBq6BwvA4jij :root{–mermaid-font-family:\”trebuchet ms\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}

uses

contains

«interface»

ConfigurableApplicationContext

+refresh()

+close()

+getBeanFactory() : ConfigurableListableBeanFactory

AbstractApplicationContext

-ConfigurableEnvironment environment

-ApplicationEventMulticaster applicationEventMulticaster

+refresh()

#prepareRefresh()

#obtainFreshBeanFactory() : ConfigurableListableBeanFactory

#prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory)

#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory)

#registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)

#onRefresh()

#finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)

#finishRefresh()

GenericApplicationContext

-DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory

+getBeanFactory()

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

-AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader

-ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner

+register()

+scan()

«interface»

ConfigurableListableBeanFactory

+preInstantiateSingletons()

+getBeanDefinitionNames()

DefaultListableBeanFactory

-Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap

-Map<String, Object> singletonObjects

+registerBeanDefinition()

+getBean()

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory

+createBean()

+doCreateBean()

+populateBean()

+initializeBean()

AbstractBeanFactory

+getBean()

+doGetBean()

+getMergedLocalBeanDefinition()

19. 关键扩展点总结

19.1 扩展点一览

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Bean 级扩展 (在 Bean 生命周期中)

@PostConstruct / InitializingBean→ Bean 初始化回调

@PreDestroy / DisposableBean→ Bean 销毁回调

SmartInitializingSingleton→ 所有单例 Bean 就绪后回调

Lifecycle / SmartLifecycle→ 容器启动/停止时的生命周期回调

FactoryBean→ 自定义 Bean 的创建逻辑

容器级扩展 (在 refresh 各步骤中)

BeanFactoryPostProcessor(包括 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor)→ 修改 BeanDefinition→ 步骤5 执行

BeanPostProcessor→ 拦截 Bean 实例化过程→ 步骤6 注册，步骤11 调用

Aware 接口→ Bean 感知容器资源→ 步骤3 注册处理器，步骤11 调用

ApplicationListener→ 容器事件监听→ 步骤10 注册

19.2 容器级扩展点总结

总结

Spring IoC 容器的启动过程 = 12 步 refresh()：

一条完整的调用链：

getBean() → doGetBean() → getSingleton()（查缓存）
→ createBean() → doCreateBean()
→ createBeanInstance()（实例化）
→ populateBean()（注入）
→ initializeBean()（初始化 + AOP）
→ addSingleton()（放入缓存）

理解这些，就掌握了 Spring IoC 容器的核心精髓。

2026年8月12日，成都，各位看官老爷，欲知后事如何且听下回分解